CEPEJ and the Reality of Niger Delta Underdevelopment Crisis -By Jerome-Mario Utomi

Talking about the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, It is true that today, there exists in the Petroleum Industry Act which made some far reaching provisions for the Host community’s development such as its demand that any oil prospecting licence or mining lease or an operating company on behalf of joint venture partners (settlor) is required to contribute 3% of its actual operating expenditure in the immediately preceding calendar year to the host communities development trust fund, this is in addition to the existing contribution of 3% to the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC).  It is also true that recently, Professor Yemi Osinbajo, the Vice President’,at a function in Lagos noted that the present  administration in the country is determined to see through to completion of all the critical projects that we have embarked upon in the region.

Once more, we are equally witnesses to the fact that the Minister of Environment, Dr. Mohammad Abubakar after a meeting in Port Harcourt said his ministry is in talks with key stakeholders in the Niger Delta region on devising a blueprint for alternative ways to preserve, conserve and restore mangrove in the region. Abubakar, who said the destruction of mangrove is catastrophic to the economy of the nation, noted that the resolution of the meeting in Port Harcourt was to focus on starting with short term goals of seeking alternative means of making people stay away from mangrove destruction.

However, if a serious statistical study is carried out about the area, it may be ‘amazing’ how the Niger Delta region has, and despite all these moves remained a backward and degraded, coastal region occasioned by crude oil exploration, exploitation and production with no better chance of development as the government is not ready to learn from its past mistakes which bothers on adoption of non-participatory approach to development that strips the people of the region their sense of ownership over their own issues. And as a consequence, cast a long dark shadow on efforts to improve the wellbeing and economic development of the region’s individuals, peoples, and communities while resulting to a state where the region’s communal right to a clean environment and access to clean water supplies was brazenly violated. And fierce war raged in the region between ethnic and social forces over the ownership and control of oil resources in the Niger Delta.

Bringing this ugly account to the fore is a recently well timed statement/alarm raised by the Center for Peace and Environmental Justice, CEPEJ, Chief Comrade Mulade Sheriff,, calling on the Federal Government of Nigeria not to hands off Niger Delta region until it completes the environmental remediation and socioeconomic rejuvenation of the Niger Delta region devastated by long periods of oil spill neglect, crude oil exploration / exploitation, deprivation and marginalization. 

The Group spoke recently in Warri, Delta State against the backdrop  of speculations, claims and counter claims in some quarters regarding the advent of Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) that the Federal Government will abandon its responsibility to remediate the environment, argued that   the advent of the Petroleum Industry Act, PIA, and allocation of 3% to host communities, does not allocate the right to the Federal Government to shy aware from its primary responsibility of providing basic amenities for and care for her citizens especially when the Federal Government are the main beneficiaries of oil production proceeds from the region and the cause of degradation of the Niger Delta environment, hence, called on the Federal Government and Presidency to do the needful. 

The environmental rights Group made the call recently in a chat with newsmen in Warri, Delta State, asserting that it is the responsibility of the Nigeria Government and oil companies to remediate the degraded environment, pay adequate compensation to affected host communities and rejuvenate the lost socioeconomic wellbeing of Niger Deltans for the impoverish state caused by crude oil exploration activities engineered by the Federal Government. 

CEPEJ drew the attention of the Federal Government and other relevant agencies to the fact that the region have long been degraded and the environment devastated before the emergence of PIA, hence, the Federal Government cannot and should not hide under the PIA to further marginalize the region, rather they should be directly involved in the remediation and socioeconomic rejuvenation of the region. Remediation and rejuvenation of the socioeconomic life of the people in Niger Delta region of the country is a responsibility that is extremely important which successive Federal Governments have failed to address and spent far too long a time not only to attend to but also to accomplish.

In explaining the importance of the PIA to host communities, CEPEJ said; the Law or Act, cannot take retrospective effect on the people it’s meant to benefit and Nigerians should not lose sight of the beneficial reality of the Act. Before the Federal Government can hands off the Niger Delta, they must complete its environmental remediation as well as socioeconomic rejuvenation of the environment which is what the Federal Government owns the people living in the region. It will be unethical for the Federal Government to hands off at a time when the world is in agreement in terms of citizen and communal right of the people, and that it is the communal rights of the Niger Delta people to have clean environment and access to clean water supplies which are being violated by Nigeria Government and oil producing companies operating in the region. 

It also asserts that, by the admission of oil companies to the region, ‘the oil industries has abandoned thousands of polluted sites in the region which need to be identified and studied in details, He therefore called on environmental expert to go the extra mile to identify these spots, study them and make cases for the affected communities. 

While complaining about the negative effect of oil operations in the Niger Delta, CEPEJ said, due to degradation of the environment, aquatic organism and water supply sources are being adversely affected including the health and wellbeing of the people which has resulted to high mortality.  He also said that, the present environmental state caused by oil companies and their operational activities need to be recovered while affected communities be adequately compensated for their losses.

Referencing what is obtainable in other oil producing Nations around the world, the Right Group said, we expect the Federal Government to apply what is obtainable in countries such as the Netherlands where the Dutch government requires all operators to restore their areas of operation back to how nature intended, which means all infrastructures used for operations during active production will be removed at the end of production and proper maintenance of the environment need to be carried out.  He said this method of operation is referred to “abandonment liability” which the operating company need to carry out at the end of active operation, and that is what he expect the Nigeria Government to emulate. 

On the management of the 3% to host communities, the Group submitted that, the 13 percent oil derivation fund, and the PIA fund are meant to address the environmental, ecological and infrastructural development issues of oil communities and  we expect that should be done to better the lives of people living in oil and gas host communities, He further insisted that the 3 per cent PIA fund should be managed by the Host Community Trust Fund as stipulated by the PIA. 

They concluded that leaving the funds under the hands of Ministers or State Governors to control or even nominate candidates to manage the fund for host communities might lead to its being mismanaged the same way the 13% derivation fund allocated to oil and gas producing States for the development of oil and gas host communities was misappropriated, to avoid a repeat of such stories, the host communities should nominate credible individuals to manage the Host Community Trust Fund as stipulated in the PIA for speedy infrastructural development and environmental friendly condition of the oil rich region of Nigeria.

Indeed, CEPEJ in my view may not be wrong.

Utomi is the Programme Coordinator (Media and Public Policy), Social and Economic Justice Advocacy (SEJA), Lagos. He could be reached via;jeromeutomi@yahoo.com/08032725374