Genedr-based Violence: A Continue Threat To Society -By Abubakar Muhammad Harun

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a pervasive issue affecting individuals across all communities, irrespective of age, socioeconomic status, or cultural background. Defined as harmful acts directed at individuals based on their gender, GBV encompasses a range of abuses including physical, emotional, sexual, and economic violence. This societal scourge disproportionately affects women and girls, though men and boys can also be victims. The persistence of GBV reflects deep-rooted inequalities and social norms that prioritize patriarchal power structures, making it a critical human rights issue.

GBV often stems from entrenched cultural norms, traditional gender roles, and unequal power dynamics. In many communities, women are expected to be submissive, while men are regarded as dominant, perpetuating cycles of control and abuse. Economic dependency is another contributing factor; women without financial independence may feel trapped in abusive relationships. Moreover, societal tolerance for violence, fueled by weak legal frameworks and inadequate enforcement of laws, allows perpetrators to act with impunity. Poverty, substance abuse, and lack of education further exacerbate the problem, creating an environment ripe for violence.

GBV manifests in various forms, all of which leave lasting scars on individuals and communities. Physical violence, such as domestic abuse and intimate partner violence, is one of the most visible forms. Sexual violence, including rape, harassment, and trafficking, undermines the dignity and autonomy of victims. Psychological abuse, often less recognized, erodes self-esteem and mental well-being. Economic violence, such as withholding financial resources or restricting employment opportunities, reinforces dependency and disempowerment. Each form of violence perpetuates cycles of trauma, often affecting multiple generations

The consequences of GBV are profound and far-reaching. For victims, the physical effects include injuries, disabilities, and in severe cases, death. Psychologically, survivors often experience depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Socially, they may face stigmatization, isolation, and a loss of economic opportunities. Communities bear the brunt of GBV as well, with increased healthcare costs, reduced workforce productivity, and destabilized social cohesion. In regions where GBV is widespread, the fear of violence limits individuals’ freedom, particularly women’s participation in education and public life.

Addressing GBV is fraught with challenges. Cultural taboos and victim-blaming discourage survivors from reporting abuse, leaving many cases unrecorded. Insufficient funding and resources for shelters, counseling services, and legal aid exacerbate the problem. Additionally, judicial systems in many regions are often slow or biased, failing to deliver justice for survivors. Gender bias in law enforcement and a lack of female representation in leadership roles further hinder progress.

Community involvement is essential to tackling GBV. Education plays a critical role in shifting mindsets, with awareness campaigns challenging harmful stereotypes and promoting gender equality. Community leaders, religious figures, and local organizations must take a stand against violence, advocating for zero tolerance. Empowering survivors through access to healthcare, counseling, and economic opportunities is equally important. Legal reforms, coupled with stringent enforcement, are needed to deter perpetrators and ensure justice.

The fight against GBV requires collective effort from governments, civil society, and individuals. Policies promoting gender equality, such as access to education and employment for women, can help dismantle the structures that sustain GBV. Men and boys must also be engaged as allies, learning to challenge toxic masculinity and support equality. Ultimately, addressing GBV is not only about protecting victims but also about fostering a society where everyone, regardless of gender, can live with dignity and safety.

Gender-based violence is a violation of fundamental human rights that calls for urgent attention. By addressing its root causes, supporting survivors, and fostering equality, communities can break the cycle of violence and pave the way for a safer and more inclusive future.

Abubakar Muhammad Harun student of Mass communication department Borno state University